I am learning python and wrote a program to understand about testing code.

Code 1:

import pytest

class Employee:
    """Represent an employee"""

    def __init__(self, f_name, l_name, salary):
        self.f_name = f_name.title()
        self.l_name = l_name.title()
        self.salary = salary
    
    def give_raise(self, amount = 5000):
        """Give the employee a raise"""
        self.amount = amount
        self.r_salary = self.salary + self.amount



@pytest.fixture
def make_employee():
    """Creates an instance of an employee"""
    employee = Employee('wolfgang', 'mozart', 1_00_000_000)
    return employee

def test_give_default_raise(make_employee):
    """Test that a default raise works properly"""
    make_employee.give_raise()
    assert make_employee.r_salary == (make_employee.salary + make_employee.amount)


def test_give_custom_raise(make_employee):
    """Test that a custom raise works properly"""
    make_employee.give_raise(amount= 10_000)
    assert make_employee.r_salary == (make_employee.salary + make_employee.amount)

Code 2:

class Employee:
    """Represent an employee"""

    def __init__(self, f_name, l_name, salary):
        self.f_name = f_name.title()
        self.l_name = l_name.title()
        self.salary = salary
    
    def give_raise(self, amount = 5000):
        """Give the employee a raise"""
        self.amount = amount
        self.r_salary = self.salary + self.amount



def make_employee():
    """Creates an instance of an employee"""
    employee = Employee('wolfgang', 'mozart', 1_00_000_000)
    return employee

def test_give_default_raise(func = make_employee):
    """Test that a default raise works properly"""
    make_employee.give_raise()
    assert make_employee.r_salary == (make_employee.salary + make_employee.amount)


def test_give_custom_raise(func = make_employee):
    """Test that a custom raise works properly"""
    make_employee.give_raise(amount= 10_000)
    assert make_employee.r_salary == (make_employee.salary + make_employee.amount)

Question 1: Why does Code 2 fail the pytest? What am I doing wrong?

My purpose for writing Code 2 was that I was curious about an alternative way to pass a function as an argument in the definition of a test function without using fixtures. So with that in mind –

Question 2: What modifications do I need to do to fulfill the above purpose?