Suppose we know the link to a website and we make a GET request to this website, we cannot put a MAC address in the Destination Address, we cannot put an IP address in the TCP/IP packet, so we need to resolve this link with DNS and find the IP address. So how is this achieved?

What is carried on the Ethernet, how is it transported and the IP is found with the DNS server at the ISP.

What kind of packet comes from this DNS server to the router and from the router it returns to the DNS cache of our computer or browser?

To get my head around exactly how the internet works, I asked myself, “When I want to watch a video from Youtube, what kind of steps happen between the browser and the Youtube Server?”.

I tried to explain it to myself in stages, but I couldn’t find the connection between DNS and IP address resolution with Ethernet.

For example:
I know how to find the MAC address of the IP address on the LAN with ARP.
With TCP/IP I know how to send my HTTP request to the server on the WAN.

I don’t know how to obtain the IP address from the DNS Server to write TCP/IP to the Ethernet.