I’m making a custom syntax highlighting theme for my VS Code. I’ve chosen to do it the simplest way, in the settings.json. I know it’s not the best way to do this, but it’s more than enough for my purposes. I’m mostly going to be using this with C/C++, clangd and CMake. The setup for this is pretty simple:

"editor.semanticHighlighting.enabled": true, // I don't exactly remember why, but everyone says to do this
"editor.tokenColorCustomizations":
{
    "textMateRules": // Token customizations go here
    [
        {
            "scope" :
            [
                "keyword.control.directive.conditional.if.cpp" // Example for #if
            ],
            "settings":
            {
                "foreground": "#f00",
                "fontStyle": "bold italic strikethrough"
            }
        }
    ]
},
"workbench.colorCustomizations":
{
    "foreground": "#f00" // UI theme goes here
}

While this works fine, I cannot really understand what to put in the "scope" key. I used Developer: Inspect Editor Tokens and Scopes to see what tokens my code uses, and it shows a bunch of strings under textmate scopes. I’ve seen in the official C/C++ Themes Extension from Microsoft, they put multiple tokens in one, e. g. source.cpp keyword.operator.new". So I thought maybe it’s like a CSS selector and tried that, but it didn’t work. I also couldn’t find a complete list of all possible scope tokens, and I think it’s because every language adds their own.

The questions are:

1. How do I form a "scope" value? What are the syntax rules for these?
2. Is there any way to view all possible tokens (all of these scope.cpp and keyword.operator.new etc.)?