I have a VS solution with multiple projects which are using docker compose as an orchestrator. When I publish with VS all docker files of each project will be run, which takes a lot of time even if I changed only one of the projects.

this is one example of a Dockerfile which was generated by VS:

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:8.0 AS base
WORKDIR /app
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:8.0 AS build
WORKDIR /src
COPY ...
...
RUN dotnet build "Gateway.csproj" -c Release -o /app/build

FROM build AS publish
RUN dotnet publish "Gateway.csproj" -c Release -o /app/publish

FROM base AS final
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=publish /app/publish .
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "Gateway.dll"]

I tried to run the docker file of the project directly with docker:

$ docker build .Dockerfile

I get this error:

[+] Building 0.0s (1/2)
 => ERROR [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                         0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 63B                                                                                0.0s
------
 > [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile:
------
failed to solve with frontend dockerfile.v0: failed to read dockerfile: error from sender: walk Dockerfile: The system cannot find the path specified.

How can I build/publish only one project with VS or with CLI?