I have implemented the combination of for loop and if else condition in R

for (i in 1:n) {
  if(some condition) {
    some code
  else {
    some code
  }
}

The condition is the i-th element of a vector is lower than a certain threshold. And I perform some different operation on it depending whether it is true or false. The vector is very long and I would like to know if there is a way to perform this without using for loop.