I’m trying to understand how the stack works and I have the following question that I would like to solve: after having analyzed the execution of the arm32 assembly code from the first line, assuming that the top of the stack is initially located at the address 0x00000000, what will be the value contained in sp at the execution of the statement on line 9?

I’m trying to understand the reasoning behind running ARM 32 assembly code in general. I show an example of execution of the ARM32 assembly code in the following image. I would like to understand, starting from the first instruction, what will be the value returned by the main subprogram (start)?enter image description here

I want encodes the word 0xe5910004 in the corrispective instruction. From the suggestions of the exercise, the instruction should be of the block data transfers type. The theoretical construct should be:enter image description here
My problem is that I don’t know how I should convert the lowercase letters to binary. For example, if I had the uppercase letter E instead of the lowercase e I would know that it corresponds to the value 1110. If I convert the lowercase letter e to binary I would have something like 01100101 (if correct).