I am wondering if I could parse arguments using Python and argparse, like:

usage: PROG [-h] [--foo] (bar [baz] qux | file)

which allows following usages:

PROG aaa bbb ccc --foo    # foo=True bar='aaa' baz='bbb' qux='ccc'
PROG aaa ccc --foo        # foo=True bar='aaa' qux='ccc'
PROG /path/to/file --foo  # foo=True file='/path/to/file'

We can have solutions (1) making foo, bar, baz, qux, and file all optional, or (2) treating bar, baz, and qux collectively as an array and creating a mutually exclusive group with file and the array, however argument validation becomes complex in both ways.