I am trying to build an interactive map in python using geoviews with the bokeh extension. I loaded the tiles using

gv.tile_sources.EsriReference(max_zoom=8)

The map should work offline, so, I started to look for ways of downloading these tiles and loading them from my local machine.
Downloading the tiles into a Z/X/Y format was not a problem, but I have no clue how to actually use them.

Since, it looks like geoviews wants the tiles on a Web map tile service. I tried using GeoServer, but I can’t upload the tiles I have to the server.
I found multiple sources stating that they just cached the some tiles and used them via

import geoviews as gv

gv.extension("bokeh")

gv.WMTS(tiles_dir).opts(global_extent=True, max_zoom=6)

This does not work for me and returns the error:
‘ValueError: WMTS type not found, could not apply options.’

Maybe someone has an idea on how I could use tiles from my local machine or setup the tiles on my GeoServer?

I am on a linux system.