I have 2 ActiveMQ Artemis clusters with 3 nodes each. One is running in Europe and the other is running in the USA. Now I want to activate the Address Federation like in the documentation.
I’ve already set it up, but I’m receiving duplicated messages (I think is always 2). I did not understood if when we set the upstream federation Europe -> USA, it is bidirectional or unidirectional (from Fan Out and Ring it seems unidirectional), so I’ve also set it up an upstream federation from USA -> Europe.
Can this be the cause for the duplicates? On both sides the max-hops is set to 1, as documentation states:

In this setup, it is important to set max-hops=1, so messages are copied only once and cyclic replication is avoided. If max-hops is not configured correctly, consumers will get multiple copies of the same message.

I want the federation because I want to shift all producers and consumers from Europe to USA in small steps.