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The error in your code occurs because the permuter method and the code that follows it are not enclosed within a class. In Java, all methods and statements must be inside a class.

When the Java compiler encounters code that is not inside a class, it doesn’t know what to do with it, as classes are the building blocks of Java programs. Therefore, it throws an error stating “class, interface, enum, or record expected,” indicating that it was expecting a class declaration but found something else.