1. Could you help me identify the time stamps for start and end of surgical procedure (e.g. cardiac surgery) in MIMIC-IV.
   The surgical procedure is identified by icd_code from procedures_icd table however, the surgical procedure’s start and end times are not explicitly mentioned in the procedureevents table. There are multiple events in the procedureevents table such as ‘OR received’, ‘invasive ventilation’, ‘chest intubation’ etc. Is there a way to find the timestamps so as to find the duration of surgery (corresponding to the icd_code from procedures_icd table)? With such timestamps one can also identify other events strictly during the surgery such as blood loss volume.

2. Usually patients have extended ICU stay post-surgery for close monitoring of patient’s condition, however, I note that MAX(procedureevents.endtime) for a given patient is similar to icustays.outtime. How does one identify the postoperative period in ICU?

Note that, procedureevents.startime, procedureevents.endtime do not reflect the start and end time of surgical procedure. It does have multiple events and is not clear how to identify timestamps for start and end of a surgical procedure.