I had exact same issue and as a MS internal I was not able to use many tools that requires to have SSL Secure tunnel connection to remote host. CaseBuddy, OofSponder, SA, Kusto, and some more have exact same issue.

Not even able to RDP to Azure machine, not sure if this is related to that.

I was able to resolve it by replacing the old values to newer from my other working laptop

Check this out for the resolution
https://github.com/microsoft/AzureStorageExplorer/issues/7920#issuecomment-2109453070

Steps to Reproduce
Launch SE
Click “Sign in with Azure”
In “Select Azure Environment” to “Azure”
Click “Next” to start the browser authentication flow.
Error “Unable to sign in: The SSL connection could not be established, see inner exception.” appears.

https://github.com/microsoft/AzureStorageExplorer/issues/7920