I have an issue working with Windows API and the Media Foundation library. The code I have below captures and saves an image from the webcam, but the resulting image is in black and white, and there are two images side by side. Can anyone help me with this?
<code>#include <windows.h>
#include <mfapi.h>
#include <mfidl.h>
#include <mfreadwrite.h>
#include <mfobjects.h>
#include <mferror.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "mfplat.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "mfreadwrite.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "mf.lib")
const GUID MFVideoFormat_RGB32 = { 0x00000016, 0x0000, 0x0010, {0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71} };
const GUID MF_MT_MAJOR_TYPE = { 0x48eba18e, 0xf8c9, 0x4687, {0xbf, 0x11, 0x0a, 0x74, 0xc9, 0xf9, 0x6a, 0x8f} };
const GUID MF_MT_SUBTYPE = { 0xf7e34c9a, 0x42e8, 0x4714, {0xb7, 0x83, 0x5e, 0xbd, 0xa4, 0x3a, 0xe5, 0x04} };
const GUID MFMediaType_Video = { 0x73646976, 0x0000, 0x0010, {0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71} };
HRESULT InitializeMediaFoundation() {
HRESULT hr = MFStartup(MF_VERSION);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("MFStartup failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
}
return hr;
}
HRESULT CreateVideoDeviceSource(IMFMediaSource** ppSource) {
IMFAttributes* pAttributes = NULL;
IMFActivate** ppDevices = NULL;
UINT32 count = 0;
HRESULT hr = MFCreateAttributes(&pAttributes, 1);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("MFCreateAttributes failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
return hr;
}
hr = pAttributes->SetGUID(MF_DEVSOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_SOURCE_TYPE, MF_DEVSOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_SOURCE_TYPE_VIDCAP_GUID);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("SetGUID MF_DEVSOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_SOURCE_TYPE failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pAttributes->Release();
return hr;
}
hr = MFEnumDeviceSources(pAttributes, &ppDevices, &count);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("MFEnumDeviceSources failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pAttributes->Release();
return hr;
}
if (count > 0) {
hr = ppDevices[0]->ActivateObject(IID_PPV_ARGS(ppSource));
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("ActivateObject failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
}
}
else {
printf("No video capture devices found.n");
hr = E_FAIL;
}
for (UINT32 i = 0; i < count; i++) {
ppDevices[i]->Release();
}
CoTaskMemFree(ppDevices);
pAttributes->Release();
return hr;
}
HRESULT CaptureImage() {
IMFMediaSource* pSource = NULL;
IMFSourceReader* pReader = NULL;
IMFMediaType* pType = NULL;
DWORD streamIndex = MF_SOURCE_READER_FIRST_VIDEO_STREAM;
HRESULT hr = CreateVideoDeviceSource(&pSource);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
return hr;
}
hr = MFCreateSourceReaderFromMediaSource(pSource, NULL, &pReader);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("MFCreateSourceReaderFromMediaSource failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
hr = pReader->GetCurrentMediaType(streamIndex, &pType);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("GetCurrentMediaType failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
hr = pType->SetGUID(MF_MT_SUBTYPE, MFVideoFormat_RGB32);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("SetGUID MF_MT_SUBTYPE failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pType->Release();
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
hr = pReader->SetCurrentMediaType(streamIndex, NULL, pType);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("SetCurrentMediaType failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pType->Release();
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
pType->Release();
IMFSample* pSample = NULL;
DWORD dwFlags = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
hr = pReader->ReadSample(streamIndex, 0, NULL, &dwFlags, NULL, &pSample);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr) && pSample) {
break;
}
Sleep(100);
}
if (FAILED(hr) || !pSample) {
printf("ReadSample failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
printf("Flags: 0x%lxn", dwFlags); flags
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
printf("Sample read successfully.n");
IMFMediaBuffer* pBuffer = NULL;
hr = pSample->ConvertToContiguousBuffer(&pBuffer);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("ConvertToContiguousBuffer failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pSample->Release();
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
BYTE* pData = NULL;
DWORD cbBuffer = 0;
hr = pBuffer->Lock(&pData, NULL, &cbBuffer);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Lock failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pBuffer->Release();
pSample->Release();
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
const char* filePath = "C:\capture.bmp";
FILE* pFile;
fopen_s(&pFile, filePath, "wb");
if (pFile) {
BITMAPFILEHEADER bfHeader;
BITMAPINFOHEADER biHeader;
bfHeader.bfType = 'MB';
bfHeader.bfSize = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + cbBuffer;
bfHeader.bfReserved1 = 0;
bfHeader.bfReserved2 = 0;
bfHeader.bfOffBits = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
biHeader.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
biHeader.biWidth = 640;
biHeader.biHeight = -480;
biHeader.biPlanes = 1;
biHeader.biBitCount = 32;
biHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB;
biHeader.biSizeImage = cbBuffer;
biHeader.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;
biHeader.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;
biHeader.biClrUsed = 0;
biHeader.biClrImportant = 0;
fwrite(&bfHeader, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), 1, pFile);
fwrite(&biHeader, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), 1, pFile);
fwrite(pData, cbBuffer, 1, pFile);
fclose(pFile);
printf("Image saved to %sn", filePath);
}
else {
printf("Failed to open file for writingn");
}
hr = pBuffer->Unlock();
pBuffer->Release();
if (pSample) {
pSample->Release();
}
if (pReader) {
pReader->Release();
}
if (pSource) {
pSource->Release();
}
return hr;
}
int main() {
HRESULT hr = InitializeMediaFoundation();
if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
hr = CaptureImage();
if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
printf("Image captured successfully.n");
}
else {
printf("Failed to capture image: 0x%lxn", hr);
}
}
MFShutdown();
return 0;
}
</code>
<code>#include <windows.h>
#include <mfapi.h>
#include <mfidl.h>
#include <mfreadwrite.h>
#include <mfobjects.h>
#include <mferror.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "mfplat.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "mfreadwrite.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "mf.lib")
const GUID MFVideoFormat_RGB32 = { 0x00000016, 0x0000, 0x0010, {0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71} };
const GUID MF_MT_MAJOR_TYPE = { 0x48eba18e, 0xf8c9, 0x4687, {0xbf, 0x11, 0x0a, 0x74, 0xc9, 0xf9, 0x6a, 0x8f} };
const GUID MF_MT_SUBTYPE = { 0xf7e34c9a, 0x42e8, 0x4714, {0xb7, 0x83, 0x5e, 0xbd, 0xa4, 0x3a, 0xe5, 0x04} };
const GUID MFMediaType_Video = { 0x73646976, 0x0000, 0x0010, {0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71} };
HRESULT InitializeMediaFoundation() {
HRESULT hr = MFStartup(MF_VERSION);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("MFStartup failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
}
return hr;
}
HRESULT CreateVideoDeviceSource(IMFMediaSource** ppSource) {
IMFAttributes* pAttributes = NULL;
IMFActivate** ppDevices = NULL;
UINT32 count = 0;
HRESULT hr = MFCreateAttributes(&pAttributes, 1);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("MFCreateAttributes failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
return hr;
}
hr = pAttributes->SetGUID(MF_DEVSOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_SOURCE_TYPE, MF_DEVSOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_SOURCE_TYPE_VIDCAP_GUID);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("SetGUID MF_DEVSOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_SOURCE_TYPE failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pAttributes->Release();
return hr;
}
hr = MFEnumDeviceSources(pAttributes, &ppDevices, &count);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("MFEnumDeviceSources failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pAttributes->Release();
return hr;
}
if (count > 0) {
hr = ppDevices[0]->ActivateObject(IID_PPV_ARGS(ppSource));
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("ActivateObject failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
}
}
else {
printf("No video capture devices found.n");
hr = E_FAIL;
}
for (UINT32 i = 0; i < count; i++) {
ppDevices[i]->Release();
}
CoTaskMemFree(ppDevices);
pAttributes->Release();
return hr;
}
HRESULT CaptureImage() {
IMFMediaSource* pSource = NULL;
IMFSourceReader* pReader = NULL;
IMFMediaType* pType = NULL;
DWORD streamIndex = MF_SOURCE_READER_FIRST_VIDEO_STREAM;
HRESULT hr = CreateVideoDeviceSource(&pSource);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
return hr;
}
hr = MFCreateSourceReaderFromMediaSource(pSource, NULL, &pReader);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("MFCreateSourceReaderFromMediaSource failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
hr = pReader->GetCurrentMediaType(streamIndex, &pType);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("GetCurrentMediaType failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
hr = pType->SetGUID(MF_MT_SUBTYPE, MFVideoFormat_RGB32);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("SetGUID MF_MT_SUBTYPE failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pType->Release();
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
hr = pReader->SetCurrentMediaType(streamIndex, NULL, pType);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("SetCurrentMediaType failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pType->Release();
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
pType->Release();
IMFSample* pSample = NULL;
DWORD dwFlags = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
hr = pReader->ReadSample(streamIndex, 0, NULL, &dwFlags, NULL, &pSample);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr) && pSample) {
break;
}
Sleep(100);
}
if (FAILED(hr) || !pSample) {
printf("ReadSample failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
printf("Flags: 0x%lxn", dwFlags); flags
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
printf("Sample read successfully.n");
IMFMediaBuffer* pBuffer = NULL;
hr = pSample->ConvertToContiguousBuffer(&pBuffer);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("ConvertToContiguousBuffer failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pSample->Release();
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
BYTE* pData = NULL;
DWORD cbBuffer = 0;
hr = pBuffer->Lock(&pData, NULL, &cbBuffer);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Lock failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pBuffer->Release();
pSample->Release();
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
const char* filePath = "C:\capture.bmp";
FILE* pFile;
fopen_s(&pFile, filePath, "wb");
if (pFile) {
BITMAPFILEHEADER bfHeader;
BITMAPINFOHEADER biHeader;
bfHeader.bfType = 'MB';
bfHeader.bfSize = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + cbBuffer;
bfHeader.bfReserved1 = 0;
bfHeader.bfReserved2 = 0;
bfHeader.bfOffBits = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
biHeader.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
biHeader.biWidth = 640;
biHeader.biHeight = -480;
biHeader.biPlanes = 1;
biHeader.biBitCount = 32;
biHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB;
biHeader.biSizeImage = cbBuffer;
biHeader.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;
biHeader.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;
biHeader.biClrUsed = 0;
biHeader.biClrImportant = 0;
fwrite(&bfHeader, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), 1, pFile);
fwrite(&biHeader, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), 1, pFile);
fwrite(pData, cbBuffer, 1, pFile);
fclose(pFile);
printf("Image saved to %sn", filePath);
}
else {
printf("Failed to open file for writingn");
}
hr = pBuffer->Unlock();
pBuffer->Release();
if (pSample) {
pSample->Release();
}
if (pReader) {
pReader->Release();
}
if (pSource) {
pSource->Release();
}
return hr;
}
int main() {
HRESULT hr = InitializeMediaFoundation();
if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
hr = CaptureImage();
if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
printf("Image captured successfully.n");
}
else {
printf("Failed to capture image: 0x%lxn", hr);
}
}
MFShutdown();
return 0;
}
</code>
#include <windows.h>
#include <mfapi.h>
#include <mfidl.h>
#include <mfreadwrite.h>
#include <mfobjects.h>
#include <mferror.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "mfplat.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "mfreadwrite.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "mf.lib")
const GUID MFVideoFormat_RGB32 = { 0x00000016, 0x0000, 0x0010, {0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71} };
const GUID MF_MT_MAJOR_TYPE = { 0x48eba18e, 0xf8c9, 0x4687, {0xbf, 0x11, 0x0a, 0x74, 0xc9, 0xf9, 0x6a, 0x8f} };
const GUID MF_MT_SUBTYPE = { 0xf7e34c9a, 0x42e8, 0x4714, {0xb7, 0x83, 0x5e, 0xbd, 0xa4, 0x3a, 0xe5, 0x04} };
const GUID MFMediaType_Video = { 0x73646976, 0x0000, 0x0010, {0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71} };
HRESULT InitializeMediaFoundation() {
HRESULT hr = MFStartup(MF_VERSION);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("MFStartup failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
}
return hr;
}
HRESULT CreateVideoDeviceSource(IMFMediaSource** ppSource) {
IMFAttributes* pAttributes = NULL;
IMFActivate** ppDevices = NULL;
UINT32 count = 0;
HRESULT hr = MFCreateAttributes(&pAttributes, 1);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("MFCreateAttributes failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
return hr;
}
hr = pAttributes->SetGUID(MF_DEVSOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_SOURCE_TYPE, MF_DEVSOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_SOURCE_TYPE_VIDCAP_GUID);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("SetGUID MF_DEVSOURCE_ATTRIBUTE_SOURCE_TYPE failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pAttributes->Release();
return hr;
}
hr = MFEnumDeviceSources(pAttributes, &ppDevices, &count);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("MFEnumDeviceSources failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pAttributes->Release();
return hr;
}
if (count > 0) {
hr = ppDevices[0]->ActivateObject(IID_PPV_ARGS(ppSource));
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("ActivateObject failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
}
}
else {
printf("No video capture devices found.n");
hr = E_FAIL;
}
for (UINT32 i = 0; i < count; i++) {
ppDevices[i]->Release();
}
CoTaskMemFree(ppDevices);
pAttributes->Release();
return hr;
}
HRESULT CaptureImage() {
IMFMediaSource* pSource = NULL;
IMFSourceReader* pReader = NULL;
IMFMediaType* pType = NULL;
DWORD streamIndex = MF_SOURCE_READER_FIRST_VIDEO_STREAM;
HRESULT hr = CreateVideoDeviceSource(&pSource);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
return hr;
}
hr = MFCreateSourceReaderFromMediaSource(pSource, NULL, &pReader);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("MFCreateSourceReaderFromMediaSource failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
hr = pReader->GetCurrentMediaType(streamIndex, &pType);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("GetCurrentMediaType failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
hr = pType->SetGUID(MF_MT_SUBTYPE, MFVideoFormat_RGB32);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("SetGUID MF_MT_SUBTYPE failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pType->Release();
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
hr = pReader->SetCurrentMediaType(streamIndex, NULL, pType);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("SetCurrentMediaType failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pType->Release();
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
pType->Release();
IMFSample* pSample = NULL;
DWORD dwFlags = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
hr = pReader->ReadSample(streamIndex, 0, NULL, &dwFlags, NULL, &pSample);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr) && pSample) {
break;
}
Sleep(100);
}
if (FAILED(hr) || !pSample) {
printf("ReadSample failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
printf("Flags: 0x%lxn", dwFlags); flags
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
printf("Sample read successfully.n");
IMFMediaBuffer* pBuffer = NULL;
hr = pSample->ConvertToContiguousBuffer(&pBuffer);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("ConvertToContiguousBuffer failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pSample->Release();
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
BYTE* pData = NULL;
DWORD cbBuffer = 0;
hr = pBuffer->Lock(&pData, NULL, &cbBuffer);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Lock failed: 0x%lxn", hr);
pBuffer->Release();
pSample->Release();
pReader->Release();
pSource->Release();
return hr;
}
const char* filePath = "C:\capture.bmp";
FILE* pFile;
fopen_s(&pFile, filePath, "wb");
if (pFile) {
BITMAPFILEHEADER bfHeader;
BITMAPINFOHEADER biHeader;
bfHeader.bfType = 'MB';
bfHeader.bfSize = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + cbBuffer;
bfHeader.bfReserved1 = 0;
bfHeader.bfReserved2 = 0;
bfHeader.bfOffBits = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
biHeader.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
biHeader.biWidth = 640;
biHeader.biHeight = -480;
biHeader.biPlanes = 1;
biHeader.biBitCount = 32;
biHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB;
biHeader.biSizeImage = cbBuffer;
biHeader.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;
biHeader.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;
biHeader.biClrUsed = 0;
biHeader.biClrImportant = 0;
fwrite(&bfHeader, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), 1, pFile);
fwrite(&biHeader, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), 1, pFile);
fwrite(pData, cbBuffer, 1, pFile);
fclose(pFile);
printf("Image saved to %sn", filePath);
}
else {
printf("Failed to open file for writingn");
}
hr = pBuffer->Unlock();
pBuffer->Release();
if (pSample) {
pSample->Release();
}
if (pReader) {
pReader->Release();
}
if (pSource) {
pSource->Release();
}
return hr;
}
int main() {
HRESULT hr = InitializeMediaFoundation();
if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
hr = CaptureImage();
if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
printf("Image captured successfully.n");
}
else {
printf("Failed to capture image: 0x%lxn", hr);
}
}
MFShutdown();
return 0;
}
here is one sample image
enter image description here
I am using Visual Studio 2022. This is a program that captures an image from the webcam and saves it to the C drive.
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